May 21, 2009
It’s hard to believe that it’s been exactly a year since I had my first day in the Water For People office in Denver. It’s been a great year. The first two months were spent getting to know my Denver colleagues and learning about Water For People’s current Africa program, then in July, Jon and I made “the big leap” and moved to Uganda. Neither us had ever been here, though I’d spent a lot of time in Western Kenya, which has some similarities, so it was a big leap indeed. At least here, English is one of the official languages, and so most people speak at least a little.
Once we got here, we had the great fun of finding a house to live in and establishing it from scratch. One of the differences we found was that most of the houses and apartments for rent don’t even have appliances when you move in, and so we not only had to figure out how to bargain for couches, dining furniture, and our bed, but also how to assess and bargain for a used fridge and stove. We learned later that we probably paid too much for appliances that don’t really work (and have since had to replace our fridge, which we bought new the second time around), but we laugh about it and chalk it up to being a part of the great learning curve.
During that time, I was also beginning to establish the Water For People’s program in Uganda. That process started in Denver, where I began the process of registering our office in Uganda. Water For People operates as a local NGO in the countries where we work, and so it’s important for us to be recognized by those local governments. Registration establishes us in a country and sets us up to be able to hire staff, make purchases and sign a lease for an office, and more importantly begin to program in the country. I say that I began the process of registration in Denver because the process itself had several steps that couldn’t be completed until after arrival, and even then the process took several months to finally be completed. That said, we were finally successful at registration in September—a huge accomplishment.
While our registration was working its way though the system, I spent several months learning about the water and sanitation sector in Uganda. In so doing, I talked with lots of local NGOs and visited their work. During our visits, I learned about their individual groups, but I also learned about the sector. One of the most interesting things to me about the water and sanitation sector in Uganda is that access to safe water is slowly increasing, but access to improved sanitation has flat-lined in many districts, and in several areas, access is actually decreasing. There seem to be many challenges, but two that stood out are (1) many NGOs focus on water, but sanitation is something of an afterthought, and (2) management of household sanitation seems to be difficult—when a family finally gets a latrine, they don’t maintain it very well and so it collapses or becomes unusable, or even if they do maintain it, once it is full, they don’t build another one. For these reason, Water For People—Uganda is going to start by looking creatively at sanitation management and maintenance and will work to build a strong sanitation program before looking at water. That’s by no means to say that access to safe water doesn’t need to be addressed. I just would like Water For People—Uganda to become set an example in prioritizing sanitation, and in the mean time give some good thought to really understanding what the challenges are in water and how Water For People can help to address them.
Water For People—Uganda has found two local NGOs with which to begin developing a sanitation program. These NGOs helped to determine which districts to begin work. They also helped to lead Water For People’s initial work in each district, which was to take GPS coordinate readings and to fill in a baseline questionnaire for each water point in the chosen areas. The water points and a sample of households’ latrines and hygiene behaviors will be given scores that are color-coded, those colors will be marked on the map where the water points where found. The maps created will be used by Water For People, our partners, and other actors in the districts, including local government and other local NGOs to strategize where to work to be most effective. We’re expecting the results within the next month, which will be a great way to start our work.
In addition to starting the Uganda program, as Regional Manager for Africa, I also work with our ongoing program in Malawi and our new program in Rwanda. It has been great fun getting to know those two programs, and I’m excited because we’re beginning to share program ideas between the three countries. Last week when I was in Malawi, for the first time we had staff from all three countries together, and it was really fun to hear and participate in conversations between the three countries. There are some differences, for sure, but there are also a good number of similarities between countries, and there are enough that I think we’re going to be able to share learning and adapt programs fairly readily.
Water For People—Rwanda is in a similar place to Water For People—Uganda. The Rwanda program was registered in April 2008 and since then has been doing similar needs assessments and programmatic prioritization. One of the exciting things about Rwanda is that the private sector seems to be very strong there. The Rwandan government has been promoting Public-Private Partnerships in the water sector for some time in Rwanda. Those systems show some strength, but still have some challenges, again, primarily in management. One of the things that Water For People—Rwanda is going to explore is what happens if we move from Public-Private systems where a private company builds the water system but then the government manages it, to more of a standard utility model where the same company that builds the system also manages it and users pay a user fee to the utility. The neat thing about a management system like that is that it ties the community and the utility together, which will hopefully mean that when the water system needs to be upgraded, either because it is worn out and needs to be replaced, or because the community grows, the utility will already have a relationship with the community and will be able to offer that service.
An easy way to think about this type of program is like a US cell phone plan. For example, when you sign up for service with AT&T, you sign a contract with AT&T saying that you will stay with AT&T for two years. During that time, your contract says that you will pay your cell phone bill, and in return, AT&T will keep your phone working. If you fail to pay your bill, AT&T will be able to cut off your service to encourage you to keep up your end of the deal, and if AT&T stops providing good service, you’ll hold them responsible by not paying for service you haven’t gotten. At the end of two years, you’ll have the option to upgrade your phone. That upgrade might be free if you get basically a new version of the same phone, or you might pay a little extra if you get a more advanced model or decide that you want more service.
The utility model works the same way. The community and the utility will have a contract stipulating what the utility owes the community and what the community owes the utility in return. It will also stipulate what the consequences are if either party fails to make good on its part of the contract. After the contract period, or as needed, the utility will be able to work with the community to upgrade service as needed or as wanted by the community. It puts the community in charge of making decisions about what kind of service they want—which is a very good thing.
This program is still being developed in Rwanda, but we’re excited to get it going and adapting it as needed to work in the specifically Rwanda context. We will likely look at this model in Uganda, too, when we begin to water programming.
Water For People—Malawi is also doing some really interesting things right now, and in fact, we’re modeling all of our sanitation programs in the region on the work that Water For People—Malawi is doing. Water For People—Malawi recently declared that it was no longer going to support subsidized sanitation. Instead, Water For People—Malawi is working helping to establish sanitation businesses. One model of sanitation businesses that the program is supporting uses the strength of the fertilizer market in Malawi. Malawi has a large agriculture sector, and that sector uses a lot of fertilizer, which is a valuable commodity. Water For People is working with entrepreneurs to start businesses that sell “humanure” which can be abundantly available if more households use composting latrines. The entrepreneur sells composting, or “EcoSan,” latrines to households. Household use the latrines, which creates compost, and then the entrepreneur buys the compost from the household and resells it to a fertilizer company.
Like the Rwanda water model, this model ties the household to a private-sector company who maintains the toilet. Because households receive payment for compost, they are encouraged to keep using their latrine as intended. In this way, household sanitation will be sustained for longer than it might be otherwise. It also encourages the sanitation market, meaning that households won’t have to rely on subsidies for sanitation, which also means that sanitation coverage can expand beyond Water For People’s direct support—a very powerful prospect. Water For People—Uganda is going to focus on trying out and adapting that model for sanitation, and Water For People—Rwanda will begin to try out this type of work as well.
All of that is to say that it’s been a great year. Water For People is doing some really exciting work in Africa. It’s great being in Kampala where I can get to visit the Rwanda and Malawi programs more frequently than if I were in Denver, and it’s been a blast establishing the Uganda program. I’m excited to begin hiring staff in the next few months and really beginning to see that program take off.
Written by Sarah in Africa, Life, NGO, Uganda, water for people, work ~
BBC NEWS
Where clean water is a pipedream
By Richard Black
Environment correspondent, BBC News website
If you want a graphic demonstration of the health impacts of poor drinking water, look no further than Zimbabwe.
Three thousand people dead, at least 60,000 ill - all from a disease that is almost completely preventable.
In general, with very few exceptions, people simply do not get cholera when the water supply works. It is almost unknown in the west for that single, simple reason.
As the World Health Organization (WHO) puts it: “Measures for the prevention of cholera have not changed much in recent decades, and mostly consist of providing clean water and proper sanitation.”
In Zimbabwe, political and economic circumstances have created a situation where the availability of clean water and proper sanitation is no longer routine.
People are now feeling the impacts of that lack of investment - investment that research shows is well worthwhile.
“Research shows that if you invest $1 in clean water and sanitation, the return is between $5 and $28,” says Yves Chartier of WHO’s water, sanitation, hygiene and health unit.
The cholera bacterium is far from being the only infectious microbe lurking in dirty water. Typhoid, cryptosporidium, giardia
the list continues.
“About 10% of the total global burden of disease is down to poor water, sanitation and hygiene,” says Dr Chartier.
It was this kind of statistic that led governments to sign up in the year 2000 to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) - a set of targets on issues such as maternal health, education and poverty.
The water target is straightforward - to halve the proportion of the world’s population without access to clean water and proper sanitation by 2015.
In the years immediately following the signing of the MDGs, water and sanitation were seen as “poor cousins”, attracting less aid money and interest than some of the other issues.
But on water, at least, that has changed.
“The world as a whole is now on target to meet the water MDG, but a number of countries and regions are still off track,” says Andrew Hudson of the UN Development Programme’s (UNDP) water governance programme.
“Most of the countries that have made impressive progress were poor countries, and that to me is a tremendous message because it shows it’s less about the money and much more about the political will.”
Protect and survive
Statistics are compiled on the basis of “reasonable” access to “improved” supplies of drinking water. This means that within a kilometre or so there should be a source such as a standpipe, a borehole, a protected well or spring - or, of course, it can come straight into your house.
The “protection” element is aimed at making sure that unwanted things including the cholera bacterium do not get into the water source - especially preventing people and animals from defecating in the vicinity.
That is sometimes easier said than done, especially in city slums, where the sheer lack of space often means latrines have to sit next to supply streams - or even, in extreme cases, that the outflow from the latrines becomes the supply stream.
UNDP data shows that in many countries, as the urban population increases, the proportion of that urban population with access to safe water declines; infrastructure investment does not keep up with a growing urban population.
And whereas investment in water has put the world on target for the water element of MDG 7, sanitation is a different matter.
“There’s still a stigma of talking about sanitation,” comments Dr Hudson.
“But countries such as India, that have mounted massive community-led campaigns on things like elimination of open defecation, have made really big strides.”
Underground movement
In eastern India, however, and in neighbouring Bangladesh, another way that poor water causes poor health has come into dramatic relief in recent years.
In the 1980s, tales of illness in Bangladeshi villages began circulating - an illness that was eventually traced to arsenic in the water they were drinking.
With surface water sources likely to harbour disease-causing microbes, aid agencies had initiated a programme of digging wells to provide safer drinking water - not realising that the water would bring with it enough arsenic to constitute a chronic poison.
The problem has now been detected in other countries, and according to one recent estimate, about 140 million people are at risk from drinking water containing the toxic metal, which causes cancers and lung disease.
Compared with water-borne microbes, water-borne pollution has received little attention, according to the Blacksmith Foundation, a charity whose aim is to clean up pollution hotspots in developing countries.
Cleaning up the India/Bangladesh arsenic problem is probably beyond anyone’s capacity right now - although agencies are looking at it - but industrial pollution is a different matter.
In the slums of many developing world cities, you find water of hues that water does not naturally assume - blues, yellows, purples and greens that speak of industrial outflows not very far upstream.
“So we’ve been running pilot projects in India trying to clean up hexavalent chromium, which is produced by the country’s huge tanning industry,” says Blacksmith’s executive director Meredith Block.
(Hexavalent chromium, the pollutant involved in the Erin Brockovich case in the US that was immortalised on celluloid by Julia Roberts, is a known carcinogen.)
“And by injecting a chemical (an “electron donor” into the groundwater we could turn it to the [non-toxic] trivalent form; analysis suggests it’s working, with no side-effects.”
One of these pilot projects, in Kanpur, was on a site that Ms Block says is typical of many developing world cities - an industrial estate, home to perhaps 50 or more small factories, working with or producing a mix of hazardous substances such as heavy metals and pesticides.
The health impact of water pollution globally is unknown.
A 2007 study from Cornell University estimated that 40% of deaths worldwide were associated with some kind of pollution - though how much of this is water-borne is another question.
But, says Ms Block, it is proving hard to interest agencies in polluted water.
“The environmental causes aren’t related to climate change or global warming,” she says. “And it seems that people in the US couldn’t care less if you can’t relate an issue to global warming.”
Diseases such as cholera, by contrast, do have a climate link. The cholera bacterium ( Vibrio cholerae ) appears to survive better in warmer waters, leading to fears that it could emerge in regions such as the southern coasts of the US as sea temperatures increase.
But for the mass of humanity, climate is likely to be a minor determinant of the water quality they get, and the disease burden that implies.
To quote the WHO on cholera: “Since 2005, the re-emergence of cholera has been noted in parallel with the ever-increasing size of vulnerable populations living in unsanitary conditions.
“The provision of safe water and sanitation
remains the critical factor in reducing the impact of cholera outbreaks” - as it does for many other diseases of water.
It sounds easy - but for the 100 or so countries off target with MDG 7, most spectacularly Zimbabwe, it is proving anything but.
Richard.Black-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk
Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/science/nature/7873516.stm
Published: 2009/02/08 16:05:10 GMT
© BBC MMIX
Written by Sarah in Africa, Articles, Clippings, Water ~
I’ve spent a lot of time in Kisumu. For more than two years, Kenyans in Kisumu have been asking me about Barack Obama and if I think that he can be president. Early in his senate term Obama made a visit to Kisumu. Kenyans donned Obama for President t-shirts and bought them up in record time. Shortly thereafter, I made a visit to Kisumu, but by then, t-shirts were hard to come by, and even my colleagues couldn’t find any more.
Yesterday I got an email from one of my CARE Kenya colleagues in Kisumu congratulating me on the election. I also chatted briefly a few Atlantan friends living in Kisumu. Today they are enjoying a public holiday celebrating Obama’s win. But even before the public celebration, people had taken to the streets. Brooks sent the photo below (by Brooks Keene and Shadi Saboori, friends in Kisumu, Kenya).
By Brooks Keene and Shadi Saboori, friends from Atlanta living in Kisumu
You can see more of the celebration at Brooks’ blog: Keene Thoughts
I am also pasting below and article about the celebrations in Kisumu. It’s not only an exciting day for America, but also for Kenya.
KISUMU, Kenya | By Jeffrey Gettleman Call it redemption.
This town, in the epicenter of Kenya’s Obamaland — the same area where Barack Obama’s father was from and where some of his cousins, half-brothers and a very gregarious 80-something step-grandmother still live — exploded into cheers when the news broke that Mr. Obama had won the presidency.
Thousands of people sang, danced, blew whistles, honked horns, hugged, kissed and thumped on drums — all down the same streets where not so long ago huge flames of protest had raged.
“Who needs a passport?” people yelled. “We’re going to America!”
It was sweetness on many levels. A black man in the White House. A half-Kenyan at the helm of the most powerful country on the planet. And a fair election, which Kenyans have learned is nothing to take for granted.
People here stayed up all night, swatting mosquitoes as they watched the election results trickle in on TV sets with fuzzy pictures. The last time this many Kenyans were riveted by an election — their own, in December 2007 — riots erupted after the opposition candidate lost and Kenya’s incumbent president won. Widespread allegations of vote rigging sent tens of thousands of young men into the streets, to loot, burn and kill. Much of Kisumu, usually a relaxed town along the steamy, hippo-infested shores of Lake Victoria, was ravaged.
But on Wednesday, many of the same young men who had been doing the burning, the looting and worse, were all smiles, part of the happy wave of emotion that coursed through Kisumu. Passersby and mini-bus drivers and bicycle taxi men got swept into the streets, where Obama posters, Obama pins and even Obama wall clocks were selling faster than juicy papayas.
“This has restored my faith in democracy,” said Duncan Adel, a computer technician who had been part of the election protests last year.
About an hour away, down a bumpy dirt road, Mr. Obama’s extended Kenyan family held a 1,000-person bash in their ancestral village of Kogelo.
“We’re going to the White House!” they sang.
[Most people in Kisumu are Luo, the ethnic group of the top opposition leader and coincidentally the same ethnic group of Mr. Obama’s father. There is an old joke in Kisumu that a Luo will become president of the United States before becoming president of Kenya. It has indeed come true.]
By mid-morning, the Kenyan government declared Thursday a national holiday. It meant a day off. And surely more partying. View the article here.
Written by Sarah in Africa, Articles, Life, News, Photos ~
Home for Halloween
By IRSHAD MANJI
Published: October 31, 2008
FOR me and my family, Oct. 31 has always been significant. Not because it’s Halloween, but because that’s the day we arrived as refugees to a free part of the world.
Beginning in August 1972, thousands of Asian entrepreneurs fled the East African country of Uganda after its dictator, Idi Amin, declared us to be bloodsuckers, seized our property and gave us three months to leave or die.
My family and I had only Ugandan passports, so we couldn’t escape to Britain or India like many of our neighbors. We’d been in Africa for two generations; my father and his brothers owned a car dealership in Uganda’s capital, Kampala. We didn’t know where to go, but we knew we couldn’t stay: Amin viciously enforced his 90-day deadline.
By the final week of October, the nations that would otherwise accept Ugandan exiles had exceeded their quotas. My family heard that Sweden and Canada might make room for a few more, and so out of desperation my mother, my sisters and I flew to Montreal, with Dad to follow. We had no guarantee that Canada would admit us.
We also had no guarantee that we’d meet an extraordinary immigration agent. But on Halloween 1972, we did.
Though the middle-aged woman had doubtless been dealing with a flood of Ugandan refugees, and though burnout could have led her to turn us back or indifferently wave us through, she chose to talk with a harried mother shepherding three girls under age 7. “Why do you want to live in Montreal?” the agent asked, en français.
My mother, who grew up in the Belgian Congo, mercifully could respond in French. “Why do we want to live in Montreal?” Mum repeated, buying a few seconds to think. “Well, Montreal begins with the letter ‘M,’ and our family’s name begins with the letter ‘M,’ so maybe God believes we will fit nicely together.”
Sensing my mother’s fear, the immigration agent assured her that this wasn’t an interrogation. “It’s just that I’m looking at your daughters,” she explained, “and I realize that they’re all dressed for tropical weather. Madame Manji, have you ever seen snow?”
Terrified at the prospect of being booted out, my mother blurted out, “No, but I can’t wait to!”
“Then you’ve come to the right country,” the agent assured Mum. “With your permission, however, I’d like to send you and your children to Canada’s version of a mild climate.” Several stamps of the paperwork later, we boarded a plane to Vancouver, where I learned to make peace with rain.
Some would reduce this immigration agent to a shrewd gatekeeper of cheap labor, carting us off to a city that would get rich from the Asian work ethic. And yet she was more complex than a caricature. Instead of simply unloading us on the local authorities, the agent cared enough to ask what we might need more of — peace, yes, but also fleece. Her small act of empathy bucked an ice-cold system.
As an adult, I’ve come to understand why I’m so blessed to have immigrated to an open society. Here, the individual — and the choices she makes — matter. The agent chose to practice the first lesson of human rights: just because a problem doesn’t affect you personally doesn’t mean it ceases to exist.
Mum tells me that she’s never been able to track down the lovely lady who let us into Canada. Still, she won’t be forgotten. As Madame Manji reminded her girls on Halloween in 2002, “When we touched this soil, we won the lottery of life.”
Idi Amin died in Saudi Arabia a year after that. Friends assumed that I’d be cursing his corpse. No. His hatred introduced my family to the gift of choices.
On Halloween, one can be forgiven for obsessing with murderers, but it’s not Idi Amin who will dominate my thoughts. It’s the immigration agent.
Irshad Manji, the author of “The Trouble With Islam Today,” is the director of the Moral Courage Project at the Wagner Graduate School of Public Service at New York University.
Written by Sarah in Africa, Articles, Life, News, Uganda ~
George W. Bush (R) shakes hands with Yoweri Museveni (L) during a bilateral meeting
Bush meets Ugandan leader on UN margins
15 hours ago
UNITED NATIONS (AFP) — US President George W. Bush praised Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni’s leadership in working to end African conflicts Tuesday as they met on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.
“He’s been a very strong leader on a number of fronts. First, he’s been very helpful in solving regional conflicts on the continent of Africa, and I want to thank you for your leadership,” Bush said as they held talks.
The US president also highlighted Uganda’s successes in battling HIV/AIDS and in fighting malaria, notably with US assistance.
Museveni praised the expansion of US aid to Africa under Bush, and thanked him for US steps to help the continent improve its infrastructure and energy and attract much-needed investment.
“This is really the way forward. And President Bush has been tremendous on that. He has actually been a very good friend of Africa and we salute you, our gratitude,” said Museveni.
Written by Sarah in Africa, Articles, News, Uganda ~
No, it’s not an email forward (although some of those of late have been very funny). This is an article from Uganda’s Sunday Monitor from September 21, 2008. It’s a little insight into both Ugandan commentary on the US elections and a little idea about some Ugandan ideas and values.
http://www.monitor.co.ug/artman/publish/sunday_life/How_to_be_Sarah_Palin_71837.shtml
How to be Sarah Palin
Dorene Namanya
1.Who is this woman?
She is a former beauty queen. She came in second in the Miss Alaska contest and in fact won the Miss Congeniality title. But most of us only got to know about her because Senator McCain thinks she is all that. I mean, why else would he choose her to become the potential vice president?
It could be her looks, or it could be what we are about to learn about this wonder woman. She is the Governor of Alaska and as a child, she would sometimes go hunting with her father before school, a thing that she enjoyed so much that would later shape her adult life. She has a strong conviction for doing what is right.
Here, be the judge of this; when her stepmother-in-law decided to run for mayor, Sarah Palin instead supported her opponent. Of course it was not because mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law do not generally get along, but probably because she thought the other person was better suited to run the office. So to be Sarah Palin, you have to be Miss Mary two-goody shoes, you have to dislike your stepmother-in-law, be a politician, and above all, be in the good books of John McCain.
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2. May God’s will prevail
Sarah describes herself as a Bible-believing Christian. And when you hear how many times she alludes to the Bible, you will be convinced that this is true. As a young girl, she headed Christian athletes’ fellowship in school, and every time before a basketball match, she led the team prayer. An outstanding candidate for the Kingdom of God you may say. In fact, she believes that God is responsible for everything. On the topic of Iraq, she asked that people pray for the soldiers and that “there is a plan and that that plan is God’s plan.” Yes. God has tendencies of sitting in the oval office and deciding to invade countries.
In regards to a proposed natural-gas pipeline she said, “I think God’s will has to be done in unifying people and companies to get that gas line built. In keeping with the tradition of the Bible therefore, she is very much against homosexuality, and believes it should be discriminated against.
3. Tree hugger?
Not. To be Sarah Palin, you have to have no love for the environment. Scratch that. You have to absolutely ignore the environment all together. Feel free not to take any time off your busy political schedule to learn anything about the environment. And such attitude will get you thinking like this; that global warming is not caused by human beings. Aliens perhaps? Not that it is surprising, considering she has been chairman of an oil drilling company and her husband works for BP, an oil drilling company. What is that old saying - you can’t bite the hand that feeds you? Right, so to be Ms Palin, you should be clear about which side of your toast is buttered.
Sarah Palin also hates the natural environment. She is a life long NRA (National Rifle Association of America) member, kills animals at every chance, and has sued the federal government for putting polar bears on the endangered species list.
4. Family values
She preaches about the sanctity of marriage, the importance of family, and other conservative evangelical Christian philosophies. She stands strong defining marriage as the sole right of a man and woman. Not man and man. Or woman and woman. In 2006, she okayed denying benefits to homosexual couples. In 2008, she vetoed a bill stating that denying rights to gays and lesbians is unconstitutional. Her own underage high school student daughter is pregnant. Out of wedlock. Of course she comes off as a woman of great character for letting her daughter keep the baby. She is after all publicly against abortion. To be Sarah Palin, you have to believe that family values have nothing to do with teenage pregnancy. You should preach family values everywhere except in your own home.
Another saying comes to mind. Charity begins at home Sarah. To be a perfect Sarah Palin, you have to have one description of family; Mother, Father, and heterosexual children.
5. The gun followed the cross
We have seen above that Ms Sarah is a good Christian. Kind of reminds us of another set of Christians. Remember them?
The missionaries? Remember how they introduced God only a few days before introducing us to the machine gun? Well, Sarah takes the teachings of the missionaries ever so seriously. As a result, she is a firm believer in the goodness of the gun. She supports the constitutional right to bear firearms. I bet that gun must have come in handy when she had to hold a gun to her daughter’s boyfriend to marry her after making her pregnant.
Okay, so I am lying, she did not literally hold a gun to the boy’s head, but surely a high school student can’t have been too eager to walk down the isle yet? Anyway, to be Sarah Palin, you have to be a lover of guns. You have to ignore that those things have been known to kill. And there you have it - how to be Sarah Palin 101.
Written by Sarah in Africa, Articles, News, Uganda ~
Before we left Denver, I made a tentative travel schedule. I needed to come up with a budget for the regional expenses through the end of 2008, and to do so, I needed to have a general idea of when I would visit Hélène in Rwanda and Kate in Malawi. I tentatively said that I would make a trip to Rwanda the first week of September to see how the program was coming together after its first few months. However, I would only make the trip if at that point Hélène was ready for me.
As it turned out, in mid-August, I got an email from Hélène, saying that things were coming along well, but that she was really ready for some face-to-face time to discuss how to proceed with program development. We agreed that the first week of September was the right timing for my first visit.
Eileen and John Kayser asked Jon to come along and take photos. We wanted to have some “baseline” photos of the work that Hélène has been doing in Rwanda. One of the challenges of being the sole staff person in a country is that it’s very difficult to take photos at the same time you are leading meetings. We also wanted to make sure that we had some photos of Hélène at work.
Jon and I traveled last Sunday on the 9:00 am flight from Entebbe, Uganda to Kigali, Rwanda. Although the flight is less than an hour, it’s an international flight, and so we needed to report to the airport two hours early. It takes an hour to get from Kampala to Entebbe (where Uganda’s international airport is), and so Jon and I were in a taxi, before sunrise, at 6:00 am.
We flew over a piece of Lake Victoria, perhaps over some of Tanzania, and into Rwanda. It was very clear when we passed into Rwanda. Rwanda is the most densely populated country in Africa. The bird’s eye view showed us that the land was covered in small agricultural plots all lined up. Houses were close together, and from the air, everything looked well organized.
We arrived to Kigali and got settled. Kathryn Cooper, Water For People’s Water and Sanitation Leadership Fellow, had arrived to Kigali from Malawi the day before to begin her study of girls’ sanitation in Rwanda. She was set to stay at Hélène’s house for the two weeks she was working in Rwanda. They’d spent the morning at the market and invited Jon and me to dinner. It was great to have a chance to informally catch up with Hélène and Kathryn. We all exchanged stories of the last few months in our respective countries. We compared internet speeds, motorcycle taxis, and adventures in dining. Rwanda has a lot of avocados this time of year, and so Kathryn made a delicious guacamole. After the sun set, we sat down to a fantastic pasta dinner. Since Jon, Kathryn, and I were pretty road-weary, we called it an early night.
On Monday, Hélène and I spent a long time catching up on various administrative questions as well as some larger programmatic questions. We made a list of topics that we wanted to get through during the week, and began to work through them. Among the topics were:
- The 2009 budgeting process
- Potential partners and the status of choosing partners
- Water For People staffing priorities
- Timing the baseline mapping study so that it happens within the next six months, but doesn’t overlap the rainy season too badly
- Reporting requirements
- Water For People office space requirements and the timing for acquiring office space
- Potential programs and program design
It was an ambitious list, but one that we made significant progress on throughout the week.
One of the things that Hélène and I agreed was that because the Rwanda program is growing and changing so quickly that it makes sense to have more regular, frequent communication. For the next several months, and until we no longer feel it’s necessary, Hélène and I will have a short phone call twice a week to talk about where she’s gotten to and how she’s going to proceed. That type of frequent communication is one of the reasons that the Regional Managers have been moved from Denver to the field—by being physically closer, we’re able to give more regular support to our country offices.
On Tuesday, Hélène set up meetings in Kicukiru (pronounced KI-chee-KEE-roo) District, one of the districts where, through needs assessments, the Ministry of Water Resources of Rwanda has assigned Water For People to work. We met with the Executive Secretary of the District, where Hélène and I explained where she has gotten to in her program planning and what it meant for Kicukiru District. Hélène felt that it was very important for the District to see another Water For People face and to hear about the potential programming from someone else, and so I explained the programming ideas that Hélène and I had talked about. Rwanda has three official languages—English, French, and Kinyarwanda—however, many people are much more comfortable speaking French. Poor Hélène was faced with the task of translating my explanations of the program from English, and in many cases, then translating his questions back to me. I’ve made it through two units of Rosetta Stone French lessons, but I have a ways to go, I’m afraid.
During the conversation, the Executive Secretary told us that public toilets had been built in a nearby market. We think that they were pay-for-use toilets, but it was unclear who was managing them. After our meeting, we set off to find the toilets in the market. When we arrived, we looked around, and the toilets seemed nowhere to be found. We asked several people, and finally got some direction from a group of very bold children. We wandered around and finally found what we think were the toilets. However, it was pretty clear that people were uncomfortable with a group of mzungus (foreigners) entering. As we were entering, a man approached us and said that if we’re looking for toilets, he’d bring us to them. He escorted us away from the public toilet and brought us to a private toilet. It’s a mission that Hélène will need to continue on her own.
Wednesday Hélène arranged for us to go to Rulindo, Water For People’s other district. Rulindo is about an hour away from Kigali. After being in Uganda, where distances are long and where many roads are full of potholes, Jon and I were impressed at how easy the ride was. Hélène explained that many of the roads were new. In the places where there were still a few potholes, she explained that they were roads that had not yet been fixed, and the potholes were left from bombs during the Genocide. It was a stark reminder of what happened in Rwanda only 14 years ago. Although a lot of repairs have been made, there is still some ways to go.
In Rulindo, we met with the Assistant Mayor. We again explained where we think the program is going and asked for his thoughts. In many cases he thought that the ideas would work, but he had some suggestions. Hélène and I thanked him and told him that we look forward to working more with him to put the program together. Government is an important partner in Water For People’s work.
Hélène also arranged for us to meet with a potential partner in Rulindo. We met the partner at the Assistant Mayor’s office, and we drove together to see a water system that the group had completed in 2002. We drove up, up, up into the hills. We stopped the car at the base of a hill, and we set out to hike. The water system we were visiting was a gravity flow spring catchment system. We hiked from the road, through a number of homesteads, past a number of women working their small subsistence farming plots, and down to where the spring had been captured.
The Director of the local NGO explained how the system works, and we observed a tap that had been left near the source so that the people in the surrounding area could still access the water while much of the water was piped to the communities below. The system seemed well made, although was in need of some regular maintenance. The Director explained that the fence that had been surrounding the spring source to protect it from animals and other potential contaminants had been stolen. Neighboring children had set up soccer goals on the cleared area, instead. We talked for a long time about the management of the system, how many people the system served, and ways that the NGO might be able to improve the management. Overall, the system appeared to be in good working order.
From there, we visited a church on a nearby hill where some of the water was pumped to. The local NGO was able to rehabilitate a water tank there that had been set up many years ago and had since lost its source. By connecting the new gravity flow system to the tank, the tank was again usable, and the church, school, and other public buildings again had access to safe drinking water. While we were listening to the explanation, a young girl approached the tank and took a drink.
Thursday Hélène and I wrapped up. We finished our list of questions and had a few more meetings. At 3:00 pm Jon and I were on our way back to the airport and back to Uganda. It was a very productive trip. It was excellent to see what Hélène was working on, and to work together through some challenges that she was experiencing. She is making good progress on the Water For People—Rwanda program. It’s going to be an exciting program that will serve to use the good work that the Government of Rwanda is currently doing in the water sector as a base, and hopefully will provide some new ways of thinking that will improve services to Rwanda’s population.
Written by Sarah in Africa, Life, NGO, Travel, Water, water for people ~
Uganda is an amazingly beautiful, awe inspiring place. It can make you want to laugh, cry, rejoice and scream all in the same moment. Sometimes I feel it’s aplace that the world has forgotten, because things here aren’t at all like I was told to expect. People here are friendly, eager to work and succeed, proud of their achievements (no matter how big or how meager) and very much attuned to what’s going around them. It’s far more ethnically diverse here than I thought it would be. I’ve been here less than a week and every day I’ve had some interaction with people from all over Africa, Australians, British, New Zealanders, Chinese, Japanese, Indians, Saudi Arbians and more. The number of young people from other countries oputside of Africa surprised me the most. Don’t get me wrong, ethnic and racial diversity is not the norm, but it’s far higher than I initially expected it to be.
Crime seems to be low and one the first full day we spent here Sarah and I walked through what is known as the ‘taxi park’, a place where we were later told to expect to be robbed. Of course we didn’t know this going in but the fact that we walked through from top to bottom without incident is a good thing.
On day three we found and rented a huge house in Kintintale that a former NGO worker used to live in. From the outside there is a huge gate that seperates it from the rest of the world and is has a UNICEF logo on it. We’re not sure of the full history but I imagine it will be an intriguing one when we learn the full backstory.We already know that our land lord started building in this area of Kampala in the early 70’s prior to being chased out of the country by members of Edi Amin’s administration. When he returned several years later he finished his property and began work on three more houses, one of which would eventually become ours.
The most exciting aspect of being here is knowing that when I throw a rock into the ‘waters’ here, the ripples will run far, wide and deep. It’s easy to get people’s attention here, they’re looking for something better and that something better is progress. I get the general feeling that everyone in the tech scene here has been waiting for something like Appfrica. I’ve been invited to host several workshops at Makerere University. Most people from the tech community ignore the developing world so I have the opportunity to offer something Kampala is starving for. There’s unlimited potential here and it’s up to me to make my own destiny, in the same way that Ugandans embrace their roles here, I will to.
Here’s to our new lives without borders!
Written by Jon in Africa, Life ~
